Many regulatory requirements demand that manufacturers define processes and procedures. Such requirements include, for example, EU regulations (MDR and IVDR), standards such as ISO 13485, IEC 62304, and ISO 14971, and the FDA.
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On this page, you will find references to articles on processes and procedures:
The description of processes and procedures differs in their level of granularity. Processes describe WHAT is done. Standard operating procedures describe HOW something is done.
However, regulatory requirements do not always distinguish precisely between the two.
All instructions must ultimately determine
The processes and procedures are part of quality management. This overview page provides a helpful introduction to the topic of quality management.
The article on creating process and standard operating procedures is helpful. This should only be the task of the QM representative for selected processes.
Once the processes have been defined, they must be subjected to process validation.
Manufacturers should note the difference between process orientation and process management.
All manufacturers must define a development process. They should understand the boundaries and interactions between the development plan and process to do this.
Many manufacturers use agile development models for software development. On the other hand, documentation should follow a model more akin to the V-model.
Part of development involves risk management or the risk management process. Here, manufacturers must also analyze the risks posed by inadequate processes, for example, with a process FMEA (pFMEA).
The processes must cover the entire life-cycle of the devices:
The Johner Institute helps manufacturers of medical devices to establish lean and standard-compliant processes and procedures.
This enables you to develop and launch your devices quickly and safely in the planned time and at the scheduled cost.
Contact us so that we can draw up a plan together on how you can establish these processes and procedures in a short time and at minimal cost.
The EU AI Act has been published. Many manufacturers of medical devices and IVD, as well as other healthcare players, are faced with the major task of understanding the 140+ pages of legal text and complying with the requirements. Note: Infringements/violations of the AI Act are punishable by a fine of up to 7% of…
DetailsThe Medical Device Single Audit Program (MDSAP) was initiated to satisfy a wish of many medical device manufacturers: To replace the various audits and inspections by authorities from different countries with one audit. Participating in the MDSAP shall suffice for verifying effectiveness and conformity of QM systems (e.g., with ISO 13485 or 21 CFR part 820). In…
DetailsAQL stands for Acceptable Quality Level and is sometimes translated as “permitted reject rate.” The AQL determines when a batch of parts or products is rejected or accepted based on a random sample inspection. However, auditors regularly no longer accept the AQL. What to do? This article provides answers. 1. Who is affected by the…
DetailsISO 14971 defines the terms “hazard” and “hazardous situation.” Nevertheless, medical device manufacturers often find it difficult to assign concrete cases to either of the two categories. This article provides help. 1. Definition of hazard and hazardous situation The ISO 14971 defines: The standard provides examples of hazards (see Fig. 1): The example of “information”…
DetailsManufacturers who wish to place medical devices on the market in the EU must comply with the European Medical Device Regulation MDR. This Regulation (EU) 2017/745 on Medical Devices, as it is officially titled, also imposes requirements on notified bodies, distributors, importers, and health institutions such as hospitals. 1. Overview of the MDR requirements 1.1…
DetailsWhat MDR and IVDR confuse and why you should not talk about CAPA. The FDA (in 21 CFR part 820 – QSR) and ISO 13485 differentiate between Unfortunately, the MDR and IVDR do not clearly differentiate between these concepts. Some manufacturers also believe they can combine corrective and preventive actions into one single CAPA process. But…
DetailsDeviations, nonconformities, errors, findings, observations, and other terms are often used mistakenly synonymously. Even standards explicitly contradict each other when defining individual terms. This article clarifies, 1. Nonconformities: The basics 1.1 Definitions 1.1.1 Nonconformity ISO 9000:2015 defines nonconformity as “non-fulfilment of a requirement.” It equates this term with “error.” ISO 13485 contradicts this. This standard…
DetailsDocument control is a documented procedure that specifies how documents are created, reviewed, approved, labeled, distributed, and updated. Organizations certified according to ISO 9001 or ISO 13485 are obliged to document control. 1. Subject matter of document control It is obvious that document control is about documents. What is less obvious is what documents are.…
DetailsLaws require risk management in hospitals, especially in order to improve patient safety. Nevertheless, many hospitals find this difficult. This article presents the most important regulatory requirements and provides tips for implementation. 1. Typical risks in a hospital a) Risks for patients The most important risks for patients include: b) Risks for all people in…
DetailsIn 21 CFR part 820, the FDA formulates the requirements for the quality management systems of medical device manufacturers, among others. Thus, 21 CFR part 820 (Quality System Regulation QSR) is or was the counterpart to ISO 13485. 1. QMSR: The amendments to 21 CFR part 820 This is because the FDA decided on February…
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